Three ways to get skilled workers. One fits your deployment.
Anyone bringing skilled workers from abroad has three legally clean routes in Germany: temporary staffing (Arbeitnehmerüberlassung), works contract (Werkvertrag) and recruitment (Personalvermittlung). They differ in one question that determines everything else: Who tells the people what to do? From that follows who is the employer, who is liable and how billing works. We offer all three and tell you in the offer which route fits your deployment and why.
| Criterion | Temporary staffing | Works contract | Recruitment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Who instructs the workers? | You. Your foreman, your shift plan, your work instructions. | We do. Our site lead manages the team and allocates the work. | You – as the new employer. |
| Who is the employer? | The staffing provider. Employment contract, wages, social contributions and A1 run through it. | The contractor. As with any subcontractor. | You are. The worker joins your workforce. |
| What is owed? | The worker’s working time under your instructions. | A result: a trade, a quantity, an accepted piece of work. | A suitable candidate whom you employ. |
| How is it billed? | Hourly rate × hours worked, timesheets attached. One invoice per month. | Unit price or lump sum by measurement and acceptance. Interim invoices by progress. | Placement fee, agreed in advance, due on signing the contract. |
| Who is liable for errors in the work? | You – the worker works like your own employee under your supervision. We are liable for the careful selection of the worker. | We are – warranty for our work under contract and law. | You – as employer. |
| Legal basis | Temporary Employment Act (AÜG): licence, equal treatment, maximum assignment period. | Works contract under the German Civil Code; posting law (AEntG, MiLoG, A1). | Placement under SGB III / trade law. |
| Permitted in construction? | No – § 1b AÜG generally prohibits hiring out to construction businesses. | Yes – our standard route on construction sites. | Yes. |
| Fits when … | You want to integrate people into your line, crew or shift and instruct them yourself. Flexible for order peaks, holidays, sickness. | You want to hand over a definable trade or section of work – with responsibility for the result on our side. Always on construction sites. | You want to employ permanently and only outsource the search. |
Why skilled workers from Lithuania – and why now.
The skilled-labour shortage in Germany is no longer a cyclical issue but a structural problem. According to the DIHK skilled-labour report 2025/2026, 36 percent of companies cannot fill vacancies at least in part; among small and medium-sized companies it is over 40 percent. Most often they lack people with vocational training – such as machine and plant operators, warehouse logistics specialists, fitters and welders. In the main construction sector 32 percent of companies reported their business being hampered by missing skilled workers in autumn 2025 – the highest value of all sectors.
The Federal Employment Agency counts 157 shortage occupations for 2025, including construction and trade occupations, and finds: the share of foreign employees in shortage occupations has doubled since 2014 from around seven to around 14 percent. Immigration is filling the gap – and according to the agency will continue to do so.
Sources: DIHK-Fachkräftereport 2025/2026 · KfW-ifo-Fachkräftebarometer, Oktober 2025 · Bundesagentur für Arbeit, Fachkräfteengpassanalyse 2025Lithuania has three practical advantages
- EU member with full freedom of movementOur workers are EU citizens – Lithuanian or other EU nationals. For them full freedom of movement has applied since 1 May 2011: no work permit, no visa, no priority check, no waiting at the immigration office – and no question about residence permits in a customs inspection.
- Posting within the EUSocial security remains in Lithuania via the A1 certificate, in temporary staffing wage tax is paid in Germany, the German minimum wage and German working conditions apply. That is an established procedure, not a special case.
- ProximityFrom Marijampolė to the Ruhr area is around 1,300 km – a day’s drive by minibus. The team arrives the evening before and starts the first shift after a night in the accommodation. And if someone drops out, the replacement is there in 3 working days – not three weeks.
Where most companies fail when recruiting is shown by the Randstad-ifo HR survey from the second quarter of 2025: 49 percent need foreign skilled workers, 83 percent name language difficulties as a hurdle. That is exactly what our site lead (from 4 workers in the team) or the German- or English-speaking contact by phone is for – standing between your foreman and the team.Sources: Arbeitnehmerfreizügigkeit seit 01.05.2011 · Randstad-ifo-HR-Befragung, 2. Quartal 2025
Temporary staffing – in detail
Temporary staffing, often simply called agency work: the staffing provider employs the worker, you deploy them. They receive your instructions, work at your pace, under your safety rules. Wages, social contributions in Lithuania (proven by the A1 certificate) and wage tax in Germany run through the staffing provider; we apply for the A1 certificate, organise accommodation and travel, and at the end of the month you receive an invoice for the hours worked.
Typical deployments: production workers and machine operators in two and three shifts, order pickers and forklift drivers in the warehouse (seasonal or long-term), fitters and welders in workshops and halls.
What the law requires – and what we make of it
- LicenceAnyone hiring out workers commercially needs the licence of the Federal Employment Agency (§ 1 AÜG). Without a licence the staffing contract and the employment contract are void – and the worker counts as your employee. AÜG licence from the German Federal Employment Agency (valid until 23 May 2027) – the certificate naming your contracting partner is enclosed with every offer. With every provider, check that the company on the certificate is the same as on the contract.
- Equal pay – explained simplyThe AÜG puts temporary workers on an equal footing with your permanent staff: the same essential working conditions, the same pay (§ 8 (1) AÜG) – in principle from day one. Only if the staffing provider applies a collective agreement of the temporary-work industry may it deviate on pay – as a rule for a maximum of nine months, up to 15 months with a sector supplement agreement (§ 8 (4) AÜG). Independently of that, the temporary-work wage floor under § 3a AÜG applies to every hour – also for providers based abroad. Which basis applies to your deployment and from when which rate, we disclose before the contract is signed – it is in the offer, not in the small print. For that we need one piece of information from you: what does a comparable employee earn with you (§ 12 (1) AÜG)? We ask this before the offer.
- Maximum assignment period – explained simplyThe same worker may be deployed with the same hirer for a maximum of 18 consecutive months (§ 1 (1b) AÜG). A collective agreement in your sector may set a different period. Interruptions of more than three months reset the clock. We track the deadlines for every worker and get in touch in good time before expiry – with two options: transfer into your workforce or change of worker. If there is a definable scope of work that we can carry out under our own management and on our own responsibility, a works contract for that work may come into consideration – continuing the same job under your instructions is not that.
- Occupational safetyDuring the deployment your company’s occupational safety rules apply; you brief on hazards and protective measures before work starts (§ 11 (6) AÜG, § 12 ArbSchG). We make sure the worker arrives with personal protective equipment, understands the briefing – the site lead translates – and knows your rules before entering the hall.
- Your partSign timesheets, carry out the briefing, state the comparable pay, tell us if something does not fit. We need nothing more.
Works contract – in detail
You commission IZOTOP with a result: erect a steel structure, fit out a floor in drywall, pre-assemble a defined series of assemblies. We plan how we do it, assemble the team, manage it with our own site lead, deliver the result and stand behind it. You check and accept. In advance you receive the team’s credentials – welder certificates, operator licences, the site lead’s language skills – and his name; who works in the team and who does what is our decision. If the work does not meet the specification, we ensure the agreed work and staffing within 3 working days – that is our warranty, not a staff selection by you.
Typical deployments: steel erection, formwork and reinforcement, drywall, industrial assembly on site, defined welding orders in production.
What makes a genuine works contract
Why construction is always a works contract: § 1b AÜG generally prohibits hiring out workers to construction businesses for work usually performed by manual workers. Exceptions apply only between construction businesses under narrow conditions (§ 1b sentences 2 and 3 AÜG) – they do not apply to us. We therefore offer works contracts only in construction. Anyone offering you “temps for the site” is, as a rule, operating outside the law – and you share the risk. The paper alone is not enough; practice must be right, otherwise the works contract becomes disguised temporary staffing. We pay attention to this together with you:
- Defined scopeSpecification with quantities, plans, quality and dates.
- Own managementOur site lead instructs and allocates. Your site management talks to him, not to the individual workers.
- Own schedulingWithin your programme. No integration into your shifts or crews.
- Billing by outputTonne, square metre, piece, lump sum – not by hours.
- WarrantyLiability for defects on our side.
- Reverse charge under § 13b UStGAs a company based in Lithuania we invoice you, as a rule, without German VAT; you as recipient owe the tax (§ 13b UStG) and, if entitled, deduct it as input tax at the same time. If a longer construction project creates a permanent establishment in Germany, we charge German VAT – we tell you in the offer.
- Construction withholding tax under § 48 EStGFor construction work you would have to withhold 15 percent of the invoice amount – unless we present a valid exemption certificate under § 48b EStG. We do so with the offer.
Recruitment – in detail
You want to employ a skilled worker permanently – for example a machine and plant operator, a forklift driver for your warehouse or an industrial mechanic. We search in Lithuania, test as always (interview, documents, work sample), present candidates with a profile and accompany you to the signature. The worker becomes your employee with a German employment contract; we help with registration, finding a flat and the first weeks if you wish.
Fee and transfer
- FeeAgreed in advance, due on signing the employment contract. Details in the offer.
- Transfer from temporary staffingMany customers get to know workers in temporary staffing and take them on later. We regulate this in the staffing contract from the start: a transfer fee only in a reasonable amount that decreases with the length of the assignment (§ 9 (1) no. 3 AÜG); your right to employ the worker is not restricted.
One invoice – this is what it looks like.
You receive one invoice per month. Not one for wages, one for accommodation, one for travel. One. On it: one hourly rate per worker – and only the supplements you also pay your own people, agreed in advance.
Under a works contract: interim invoices by progress with measurement, final invoice after acceptance. Same rule: one price, no extra items for accommodation or travel.
VAT: reverse charge – recipient liable for VAT under § 13b UStG
Attachment: timesheets per worker, signed by your foreman
- Wages, social contributions (Lithuania) and wage tax
- A1 certificate
- Accommodation – free of charge for the worker, no wage deduction
- Travel
- Workwear and protective equipment
- Site lead / contact
- Replacement if someone does not fit
- Organisation
What the hourly rate depends on
- Qualification and certificatesA machine operator who does his own set-ups costs more than a helper in packing.
- Your comparable payIn temporary staffing equal pay sets the floor – that is why we ask before the offer.
- Deployment lengthLonger deployments, lower rate.
- Team sizeFrom 4 people a site lead works in the team.
- RegionAccommodation costs in Munich are not those in East Westphalia.
What lowers the rate: you provide the accommodation (company flat, container), you plan twelve months instead of three. What is not included: your machines, forklifts and scanners, consumables and, for welding, the machine, filler metal and gas – as for your own staff. What does not exist: minimum order, minimum hours, minimum duration – a single worker is fine, and you pay only hours worked and signed off.
Which route fits you?
- Temporary staffingYou need extra hands in your line, warehouse or workshop, and your foreman should instruct them
- Works contractYou want to hand over a trade or section and get a result
- Works contract, without exceptionYour deployment is a construction site
- RecruitmentYou want to employ someone permanently
- Ask us. We propose the right route in the offer and explain why.You are not sure
Frequently asked questions about the services.
Can I switch from temporary staffing to a works contract mid-deployment?
Only if there is a definable scope of work that we carry out under our own management and on our own responsibility – with our own team composition, billing by output and warranty. Continuing the same job under your instructions is not a works contract. We check this with you – a works contract on paper only helps nobody.
What happens if a worker falls ill?
In temporary staffing we pay sick pay – you pay only hours worked. If someone is out for longer, we send a replacement. Under a works contract illness is our risk: we still owe the result.
How much notice do I have to give?
The notice period is agreed individually in the staffing or works contract and depends on the agreed deployment length. Short deployments have short notice periods. We tell you in the offer, not in the small print.
Is the minimum wage complied with?
Yes. The statutory minimum wage (EUR 13.90 since 1 January 2026, EUR 14.60 from 1 January 2027 according to the Minimum Wage Commission) applies to every hour worked in Germany, including posted workers. In temporary staffing the temporary-work wage floor (§ 3a AÜG) and equal treatment with your permanent staff apply in addition. How we prove this is under Legal & quality.
Planning your workforce?
Production, warehousing and logistics, assembly, welding or a works contract in construction – offer within one working day.